Cognitive Illusion
I like this because it does not exploit an optical trick. I believe that it is our own deeply-learned meaning of the arrows that influences our real time visual experience.
Other than rotating, the Circles do not move. We make them move.
I would to test someone never trained to understand the meaning we unconsciously ascribe to a right arrow. Would they see the illusory motion? I don’t think so.
An optical illusion just makes us a little more aware of the limitations of our input mechanisms.
A cognitive illusion should make us more aware of the role of our conditioning, the way learning influences even what we think is the unbiased reporting of our senses and how we experience the world around us.
I think this kind of awareness can help us understand the power of group membership in shaping how individuals perceive the world at every scale.